THE CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
1993 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the First Session of the Seventh National People’s Congress on March 29,1993)
Article 3The final two sentences of the seventh paragraph of the Preamble to the Constitution, (“The basic task of the nation in the years to come is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, the Chinese people of all nationalities will continue to adhere to the people’s democratic dictatorship and the socialist road, steadily improve socialist institutions, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist legal system, and work hard and self-reliantly to improve the socialist legal system, and work hard and self-reliantly to modernize the country’s industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology step by step to turn China into a socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.), are amended to “Our country is in the primary stage of socialism. The basic task before the nation is the concentration of efforts of socialist modernization construction in accordance with the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, the Chinese people of all nationalities will continue to adhere to the people’s democratic dictatorship and the socialist road and to uphold reform and opening to the outside world, steadily improve socialist institutions, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist legal system, and work hard and self-reliantly to modernize the country’s industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology step by step to build China into a strong, prosperous culturally advances, democratic socialist nation.”3
Article 4The following sentence is added to the end of the tenth paragraph of the Preamble to the Constitution: “Multi-party cooperation and the political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China shall continue and develop for the extended future.”
Article 5Article 7 of the Constitution, (“The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy. The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.”), is amended to “The state-owned economy, i.e. the socialist economy with ownership by the people as a whole, is the leading force in the national economy. The state will ensure the consolidation and development to the state-owned economy.”
Article 6The first paragraph of Article 8 of the Constitution, (“Rural people’s communes, agricultural producers’ cooperatives and other forms of cooperative economy, such as producers’, supply and marketing, credit and consumers’ cooperatives, belong to the sector of the socialist economy under collective ownership by the working people. Working people who are members of rural economic collectives have the right, within the limits prescribed by law, to farm plots of cropland and hilly land allotted for their use, engage in household sideline production and raise privately owned livestock.)”, is amended to “The rural contracted responsibility system based mainly on the household linking remuneration to output and cooperative economic forms – producers’, supply and marketing, credit and consumers’ cooperatives – are part of the socialist economy collectively owned by the working people. Working people who are all members of rural economic collectives have the right, within the limits prescribed by law, to farm plots of cropland and hilly land allotted for their private use, engage in household sideline production and raise privately owned livestock.”
Article 7Article 15 of the Constitution, (“The state practices planned economy on the basis of socialist public ownership. It ensures the proportionate and coordinated growth of the national economy through overall balancing by economic planning and the supplementary role of regulation by the market. Disturbance of socioeconomic order or disruption of the state economic plan by an organization or individual is prohibited.”), is amended to “The state practices socialist market economy.” “The shall enhance economic legislation and improve macro-control of the economy.” “The state shall, in accordance with the law, prohibit disturbance of the socioeconomic order by any organization or individual.”
Article 8Article 16 of the Constitution, (“State enterprises have decision-making power with regard to operation and management within the limits prescribed by law, on condition that they submit to unified leadership by the state and fulfill their obligations under the state plan.” “State enterprises practice democratic management through congresses of workers and staff and in other ways in accordance with the law.”), is amended to “State-owned enterprises have decision-making power with regard to operations within the limits prescribed by law.” “State-owned enterprises practice democratic management through congresses of workers and staff and in other ways in accordance with the law.”
Article 9Article 17 of the Constitution, (“Collective economic organizations have decision-making power in conducting independent economic activities, on condition that they accept the guidance of the state plan and abide by the relevant laws.” “Collective economic organizations practice democratic management in accordance with the law. The entire body of their workers elects or removes their managerial personnel and decides on major issues concerning operation and management.”), is amended to “Collective economic organizations have decision-making power in conduction independent economic activities, on condition that they abide by the relevant laws.” “Collective economic organizations practice democratic management, elect and remove their managerial personnel in accordance with the law and decide major issues concerning operation and management.”
Article 10The third paragraph of Article 42 of the Constitution, (“Work is a matter of honor for every citizen who is able to work. All working people in state enterprises and in urban and rural economic collectives, should approach their work as the masters of the country that they are. The state promotes socialist labor emulation, and commends and rewards model and advanced workers. The state encourages citizens to take part in voluntary labor.”), is amended to “Work is a matter of honor for every citizen who is able to work. All working people in state-owned enterprises and in urban and rural economic collectives should approach their work as the masters of the country that they are. The state promotes socialist labor emulation, and commends and rewards model and advanced workers. The state encourages citizens to take part in voluntary labor.”
Article 11Article 98 of the Constitution, (“The term of office of the people’s congresses of provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities divided into districts is five years. The term of office of the people’s congresses of counties, cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, townships, nationality townships, and towns is three years.”) is amended to “The term of office of the people’s congresses of provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government, counties, cities and districts under the jurisdiction of the municipal government is five years. The term of office of the people’s congresses of townships, nationality townships and towns is three years.”